Glossary

Official development assistance (ODA)

Often understood as ‘aid’. The official definition is: “Resource flows to countries and territories on the DAC List of ODA Recipients (developing countries) and to multilateral agencies which are: (a) undertaken by the official sector; (b) with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective; (c) at concessional financial terms. In addition to financial flows, technical co-operation is included in aid. Grants, loans and credits for military purposes and transactions that have primarily commercial objectives are excluded. Transfer payments to private individuals (e.g. pensions, reparations or insurance payouts) are in general not counted.” (OECD n.d.).

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This study analysed international financial flows to nine countries for the 18 months after recent crises to understand funding timelines and other features.

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We explore the key issues in developing a methodology for calculating pre-arranged funding.

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This paper argues that civil society organisations play a vital role in ensuring that crisis financing approaches are designed and delivered effectively.

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other key terms

Contingent loan (or credit) and grants

A pre approved loan or grant released automatically when agreed crisis conditions or triggers are met.

Sustainable development

Meeting today’s needs without limiting future generations’ ability to meet theirs.

Covariate shocks

Shocks affecting many households at once where losses are shared across the same community.

Development insurer

An insurer supporting development goals through insurance products and technical assistance.

Early warning system

Systems that monitor hazards and share information early, so people can act in time.

Disaster risk management

Policies and actions to reduce disaster risks, manage impacts and strengthen resilience.