Official development assistance (ODA)
Often understood as ‘aid’. The official definition is: “Resource flows to countries and territories on the DAC List of ODA Recipients (developing countries) and to multilateral agencies which are: (a) undertaken by the official sector; (b) with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective; (c) at concessional financial terms. In addition to financial flows, technical co-operation is included in aid. Grants, loans and credits for military purposes and transactions that have primarily commercial objectives are excluded. Transfer payments to private individuals (e.g. pensions, reparations or insurance payouts) are in general not counted.” (OECD n.d.).
This study analysed international financial flows to nine countries for the 18 months after recent crises to understand funding timelines and other features.
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We explore the key issues in developing a methodology for calculating pre-arranged funding.
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This paper argues that civil society organisations play a vital role in ensuring that crisis financing approaches are designed and delivered effectively.
Read moreInternational development financing
Public funding flows supporting development objectives in lower income countries.
Catastrophe bond
A catastrophe bond (cat bond) is a risk-transfer financial instrument that allows governments or insurers to transfer disaster risk to capital market investors.
Risk transfer
When disaster risk is shifted to insurers or capital markets.
Contingent loan (or credit) and grants
A pre approved loan released automatically when agreed crisis conditions or triggers are met.
Ex ante
Actions, decisions or financial arrangements made before a disaster or crisis occurs.
Crisis financing
Funding designed to prevent, prepare for and respond to crises before and after they occur.
