Ex ante
Latin for ‘from before’. In the context of disaster events, ex ante instruments are arranged before the event, and ex ante decisions are made at that time as well (Clarke and Dercon 2016).
Risk retention
When governments retain and finance disaster costs themselves.
Contingent loan (or credit) and grants
A pre approved loan or grant released automatically when agreed crisis conditions or triggers are met.
Financial Flows
Financial flows refer to the movement of funds for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and response, covering planned and unplanned sources.
Official development assistance (ODA)
Public aid supporting development and welfare in eligible countries, usually on concessional terms.
Development insurer
An insurer supporting development goals through insurance products and technical assistance.
Other official flows (OOF)
Public funding supporting development that does not meet official aid definitions.
