Glossary
Ex ante
Latin for ‘from before’. In the context of disaster events, ex ante instruments are arranged before the event, and ex ante decisions are made at that time as well (Clarke and Dercon 2016).
other key terms
Crisis
A situation where severe needs overwhelm local and national capacity to respond effectively.
Contingent loan (or credit) and grants
A pre approved loan released automatically when agreed crisis conditions or triggers are met.
Attachment point
The loss level above which a reinsurer begins paying under a reinsurance agreement.
Risk retention
When governments retain and finance disaster costs themselves.
Risk transfer
When disaster risk is shifted to insurers or capital markets.
Other official flows (OOF)
Public funding supporting development that does not meet official aid definitions.
