Glossary

Catastrophe bond

A catastrophe bond (cat bond) is a risk-transfer financial instrument that allows governments or insurers to transfer disaster risk to capital market investors. If a specified disaster event occurs, the bond’s principal is used to provide funds for recovery; if no event occurs, investors receive interest payments and their principal back.

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This working paper presents a framework that compares contingent loans, grants from multilateral development banks, catastrophe bonds, and insurance provided through regional risk pools.

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other key terms

Development insurer

An insurer supporting development goals through insurance products and technical assistance.

Ex ante

Actions, decisions or financial arrangements made before a disaster or crisis occurs.

Disaster

A severe event causing widespread harm that exceeds a community’s ability to cope alone.

Vulnerability

Conditions that increase how severely people or communities are affected by hazards.

Risk profile

Underlying risks that an organisation or country is exposed to and the extent to which they are mitigated by pre-arranged finance.

Early warning system

Systems that monitor hazards and share information early, so people can act in time.