Total crisis financing
A sub-set of international development financing, which includes activities and flows to organisations whose primary purpose is to deliver prevention, preparedness and response to crises (Centre for Disaster Protection).
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Development bank
A public financial institution providing loans, grants and expertise to support development goals.
Cost multiple
The cost multiple measures the average amount a government pays to receive USD 1 of payout from a financing instrument over its lifetime.
Catastrophe bond
A catastrophe bond (cat bond) is a risk-transfer financial instrument that allows governments or insurers to transfer disaster risk to capital market investors.
Risk retention
When governments retain and finance disaster costs themselves.
Shock-responsive social protection
Social protection systems adapted to scale quickly when large shocks affect many people.
Crisis protection gap
The difference between expected crisis costs and funding already arranged to cover them.
