Risk retention
When governments retain and finance disaster costs themselves.
This report offers an in-depth assessment of pre-arranged financing tools using seven key criteria for ensuring pre-arranged financing reduces the human and financial costs of disasters
Read moreVulnerability
Conditions that increase how severely people or communities are affected by hazards.
Shock-responsive social protection
Social protection systems adapted to scale quickly when large shocks affect many people.
Adaptive social protection
Social protection systems that adjust to shocks, helping vulnerable people prepare, cope and recover over time.
Risk layering
Using different financial instruments for different disaster frequencies.
Basis risk
The gap between measured indicators and real losses causing payouts to differ from actual damage.
Disaster risk management
Policies and actions to reduce disaster risks, manage impacts and strengthen resilience.
