Other official flows (OOF)
'Aid-like' flows from official donors to developing countries, which do not meet the strict definition of ODA, but which contribute at least in part to development. The official definition is: “Transactions by the official sector with countries on the DAC List of ODA Recipients which do not meet the conditions for eligibility as Official Development Assistance, either because they are not primarily aimed at development, or because they have a grant element of less than 25 per cent." (OECD 2023)
Risk retention
When governments retain and finance disaster costs themselves.
Climate resilient debt clause or 'debt pause clause'
A provision in sovereign debt contracts that enables the borrower to temporarily stop repaying debt service for a pre-agreed period when a predefined event occurs.
Financial Flows
Financial flows refer to the movement of funds for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and response, covering planned and unplanned sources.
Pre-arranged financing
Financing approved before crises that is released automatically when agreed triggers are met.
Covariate shocks
Shocks affecting many households at once where losses are shared across the same community.
Resilience
The ability to withstand shocks, adapt, recover and continue functioning over time.
