Publications

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Public Financial Management for Disaster Response and Adapative Social Protection in the Sahel
Report

Public Financial Management for Disaster Response and Adapative Social Protection in the Sahel

This report examines how governments across Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Senegal can better plan and budget for disasters before they strike,

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The State of Pre-Arranged Financing for Disasters 2025
Report

The State of Pre-Arranged Financing for Disasters 2025

This is the third year that the Centre for Disaster Protection has published its flagship report, and this year it goes further than ever before.

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Understanding Flood Risks In Chad
Brief

Understanding Flood Risks In Chad

This technical brief, authored by CERDI and supported by the Centre for Disaster Protection, provides an in-depth analysis of flood risk in Chad.

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A Year In Review: Annual Report 2024-25
Report

A Year In Review: Annual Report 2024-25

A Year in Review 2024–25 shows how the Centre for Disaster Protection is turning ideas into impact.

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Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Chad: Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic
Report

Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Chad: Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic

This report on Chad provides an in-depth analysis of the country’s social protection and disaster risk financing landscape to inform future programme design.

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Debt Pause Clauses Confront Their First Disaster: From Hurricane Beryl To Broader Policy Momentum
Brief

Debt Pause Clauses Confront Their First Disaster: From Hurricane Beryl To Broader Policy Momentum

This policy brief examines the first real-world use of debt pause clauses - contractual mechanisms that allow sovereign borrowers to temporarily defer debt payments in the wake of a disaster.

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Assessing Value For Money In Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters: A Practical Framework
Brief

Assessing Value For Money In Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters: A Practical Framework

This guidance note has been developed to help the increasing number of countries and organisations that are considering or using pre-arranged financing instruments.

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Crisis Protection 2.0: Future-Proofing Our World
Report

Crisis Protection 2.0: Future-Proofing Our World

This report outlines ten strategic recommendations for closing the crisis protection gap, providing an ambitious roadmap for the next decade.

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Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Mozambique
Report

Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Mozambique

The report contributes to a broader study to consider the opportunities, potential risks, and benefits of channelling disaster risk financing instruments through national social protection systems.

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Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Malawi
Report

Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Malawi

The report contributes to a broader study to consider the opportunities, potential risks, and benefits of channelling disaster risk financing instruments through national social protection systems.

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Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Jamaica
Report

Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Jamaica

The report contributes to a broader study to consider the opportunities, potential risks, and benefits of channelling disaster risk financing instruments through national social protection systems.

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Making Social Protection Shock-Responsive Through Disaster Risk Finance Mechanisms: Synthesis Report
Report

Making Social Protection Shock-Responsive Through Disaster Risk Finance Mechanisms: Synthesis Report

The study puts forward six lessons and 12 recommendations for donors interested in supporting this agenda.

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Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Mali: Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic
Report

Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Mali: Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic

This report on Mali provides an in-depth analysis of the country’s social protection and disaster risk financing landscape to inform future programme design.

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Cost Multiples For Pre-Arranged Financing: A Comparison Of Instruments From International Financial Institutions
Paper

Cost Multiples For Pre-Arranged Financing: A Comparison Of Instruments From International Financial Institutions

This working paper presents a framework that compares contingent loans, grants from multilateral development banks, catastrophe bonds, and insurance provided through regional risk pools.

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Demystifying Pre-Arranged Financing For Governments: A Stocktake Of Financial Instruments From International Financial Institutions
Report

Demystifying Pre-Arranged Financing For Governments: A Stocktake Of Financial Instruments From International Financial Institutions

This report offers an in-depth assessment of pre-arranged financing tools using seven key criteria for ensuring pre-arranged financing reduces the human and financial costs of disasters

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The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2024
Report

The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2024

Analysing the level of effort of international development donors to support a shift towards arranging financing for disasters, before shocks happen.

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Rethinking Premium Support: Enhancing The Impact And Sustainability Of Climate Risk Insurance
Paper

Rethinking Premium Support: Enhancing The Impact And Sustainability Of Climate Risk Insurance

This insight paper aims to support policymakers and practitioners as they seek to scale up financial protection against climate-related shocks through sovereign insurance solutions.

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A Year In Review: Annual Report 2023-24
Report

A Year In Review: Annual Report 2023-24

A Year in Review is the Centre’s first published annual report. It details our progress and the challenges we’ve encountered, and showcases our impact.

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A Social Protection ‘Risk Deal’: The Missing Element For Connecting Money-In And Money-Out
Paper

A Social Protection ‘Risk Deal’: The Missing Element For Connecting Money-In And Money-Out

This working paper asks what is required for social protection systems to deliver timely, predictable, well-targeted and cost-effective shock response to disasters.

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The Gambia Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic
Report

The Gambia Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic

This Disaster Risk Diagnostic supports The Gambia’s efforts to strengthen disaster risk financing and recommends ways to build a clearer risk profile.

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Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Burkina Faso
Report

Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Burkina Faso

This is the first in a series of diagnostic reports aimed at informing the design and programming of the Centre’s support to the SASPP.

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The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2023
Report

The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2023

This data-led report assesses the state of pre-arranged financing supported with international development financing in low-and middle-income countries.

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Measuring The Crisis Protection Gap: A Summary Of Research Exploring Technical Approaches For Estimating Global Crisis Protection Costs
Report

Measuring The Crisis Protection Gap: A Summary Of Research Exploring Technical Approaches For Estimating Global Crisis Protection Costs

This report synthesises research exploring the feasibility of producing quantitative estimates of the costs of crisis protection across a variety of geographies and crisis types.

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How Can Anticipatory Action Reach Scale And Sustainability? Learning From Cerf In Nepal
Report

How Can Anticipatory Action Reach Scale And Sustainability? Learning From Cerf In Nepal

This report captures and builds on learning from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) anticipatory action pilot in Nepal.

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How Can Anticipatory Action Reach Scale And Sustainability? Learning From Cerf In Bangladesh
Report

How Can Anticipatory Action Reach Scale And Sustainability? Learning From Cerf In Bangladesh

This report captures and builds on learning from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) anticipatory action pilot in Bangladesh.

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The Role Of Disaster Risk Finance In Tackling Pandemic And Epidemic Risk
Paper

The Role Of Disaster Risk Finance In Tackling Pandemic And Epidemic Risk

This paper outlines key trends of financial flows toward outbreak response and identifies relevant emerging initiatives.

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Making Disaster Risk Financing Work For Risk-Affected People
Guidance Note

Making Disaster Risk Financing Work For Risk-Affected People

This guidance note is intended as a common framework to support practical approaches to meaningful accountability across the sector.

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Addressing Loss And Damage: Insights On The Fund And The Global Shield
Paper

Addressing Loss And Damage: Insights On The Fund And The Global Shield

This insight paper aims to improve the reader’s understanding of two initiatives aiming to address aspects of climate challenge.

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Disaster Risk Financing: A Guide To Our Quality Assurance Service
Guidance Note

Disaster Risk Financing: A Guide To Our Quality Assurance Service

This guidance note provides an overview of the Centre for Disaster Protection’s quality assurance service—a free-to-use and impartial service.

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Innovations In Sovereign Debt: Taking Debt Pause Clauses To Scale
Paper

Innovations In Sovereign Debt: Taking Debt Pause Clauses To Scale

This insight paper provides an overview of the key features of debt pause clauses, also known as climate resilient debt clauses.

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Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: Ethiopia
Brief

Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: Ethiopia

This brief forms part of a cross-country study on the opportunity cost of reallocating budgets in response to disasters.

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Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: South Africa
Brief

Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: South Africa

This brief forms part of a cross-country study on the opportunity cost of reallocating budgets in response to disasters.

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Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: Cross-Country Synthesis
Report

Opportunity Cost Of Covid-19 Budget Reallocations: Cross-Country Synthesis

This cross-country synthesis study calculates what the opportunity cost of budget reallocations was during the Covid-19 pandemic.

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Process Learning For Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Process Learning For Disaster Risk Financing

This guidance document offers practical steps on how to capture lessons from DRF initiatives.

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Contributions And Challenges Of Disaster Risk Financing As A Response To Climate Change Induced Losses And Damages
Report

Contributions And Challenges Of Disaster Risk Financing As A Response To Climate Change Induced Losses And Damages

This paper explores how DRF instruments are being framed and understood within the panorama of Loss and Damage policy and finance agendas, highlighting areas of contention and sensitivity.

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Malawi Anticipatory Action: Process Learning On Trigger Development
Paper

Malawi Anticipatory Action: Process Learning On Trigger Development

This report offers lessons on the process of developing the trigger for the Malawi AA Framework and captures lessons on how AA pilots are being designed and implemented in real time.

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UN Ocha Anticipatory Action. Lessons From The 2020 Somalia Pilot
Paper

UN Ocha Anticipatory Action. Lessons From The 2020 Somalia Pilot

This report looks at key lessons from the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) first anticipatory action (AA) pilot for drought in Somalia.

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Exploring A Role For Triggers And Risk-Informed Financing In Complex Crises
Report

Exploring A Role For Triggers And Risk-Informed Financing In Complex Crises

Alongside the Airbel Research and Innovation Lab we provide key lessons for how effective crisis response can be financed and triggered

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Funding Disasters: Tracking Global Humanitarian Funding For Response To Natural Hazards
Paper

Funding Disasters: Tracking Global Humanitarian Funding For Response To Natural Hazards

This study analysed international financial flows to nine countries for the 18 months after recent crises to understand funding timelines and other features.

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Methodology For Calculating Pre-Arranged ODA Funding
Paper

Methodology For Calculating Pre-Arranged ODA Funding

We explore the key issues in developing a methodology for calculating pre-arranged funding.

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What Do We Know About Preparing Financially For Disasters? An Assessment Of The Evidence Gap
Brief

What Do We Know About Preparing Financially For Disasters? An Assessment Of The Evidence Gap

This brief reviews the evidence on the welfare impacts of proactive approaches to setting up finance for disaster response.

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The Impact Of Pre-Arranged Disaster Finance: Evidence Gap Assessment
Paper

The Impact Of Pre-Arranged Disaster Finance: Evidence Gap Assessment

This paper examines the evidence on how to prepare better for disasters.

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Anticipatory Cash Transfers In Climate Disaster Response
Paper

Anticipatory Cash Transfers In Climate Disaster Response

In the face of increasing climate volatility and stretched aid budgets, more effective ways to support households in times of crisis are needed.

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Funding Covid-19 Response: Tracking Humanitarian And Development Funding To Meet Crisis Needs
Paper

Funding Covid-19 Response: Tracking Humanitarian And Development Funding To Meet Crisis Needs

This research has highlighted the flaws in the current system which is not always able to support response where need is greatest.

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Accountability In Disaster Risk Financing
Paper

Accountability In Disaster Risk Financing

This working paper presents a framework for understanding accountability as well as an overview of implementation.

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International Federation Of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies’ Forecast-Based Action By The Dref
Guidance Note

International Federation Of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies’ Forecast-Based Action By The Dref

It is well known that in the event of a disaster, the speed of response is key, this report examines the options that may be available.

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Covid-19 And Inequality: A Review Of The Evidence On Likely Impact And Policy Options
Paper

Covid-19 And Inequality: A Review Of The Evidence On Likely Impact And Policy Options

This discussion paper examines the unequal impacts of the pandemic across different groups.

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Focusing On Poverty: Reducing Vulnerability With Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Focusing On Poverty: Reducing Vulnerability With Disaster Risk Financing

This guidance note sets out some questions to help ensure that DRF is most directed to those who are least able to withstand shocks.

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Being Timely: Creating Good Triggers And Plans In Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Being Timely: Creating Good Triggers And Plans In Disaster Risk Financing

Practical guidance on contingency planning a before a disaster strikes to support a faster, more coordinated, and ultimately, more effective response.

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Improving Constantly: Embedding Scrutiny And Learning In Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Improving Constantly: Embedding Scrutiny And Learning In Disaster Risk Financing

This guidance note sets out practical ways to ensure quality, independent scrutiny and improved learning in your DRF initiatives.

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Creating Power For People Facing Risk: The Role Of Participation In Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Creating Power For People Facing Risk: The Role Of Participation In Disaster Risk Financing

This guidance note gives practical advice on consulting and involving communities in decision-making that impacts their lives.

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Aligning With The Bigger Picture: Thinking Strategically In Disaster Risk Financing
Guidance Note

Aligning With The Bigger Picture: Thinking Strategically In Disaster Risk Financing

This publication explains the importance of thinking strategically and sets out four principles for taking a strategic approach, with practical advice and resources.

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Anticipating The Impact Of Covid-19: Pathways And Timing Of Household Welfare Shocks
Paper

Anticipating The Impact Of Covid-19: Pathways And Timing Of Household Welfare Shocks

This paper summarises the different shocks created by the global Covid-19 crisis.

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Mapping Financial Flows For Disasters
Paper

Mapping Financial Flows For Disasters

This paper aims to identify available data and methodologies, explore whether these could support a global database to track disaster-related financial flows.

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The Future Of Crisis Financing: A Call To Action
Report

The Future Of Crisis Financing: A Call To Action

A landmark new report from the Centre for Disaster Protection.

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Basis Risk In Disaster Financing For Humanitarian Action
Paper

Basis Risk In Disaster Financing For Humanitarian Action

This insight paper examines the challenge of handling basis risk in disaster risk financing systems.

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IDA19: A Vital Tool In Managing Crisis Risk
Brief

IDA19: A Vital Tool In Managing Crisis Risk

This policy brief draws on the findings of five Discussion Papers in the Centre’s IDA19 Series.

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Innovative Financing For Responses To Refugee Crises
Paper

Innovative Financing For Responses To Refugee Crises

The growing scale, duration and impact of refugee crises requires innovative approaches to financing.

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Innovative Financing For Responses To Refugee Crises
Report

Innovative Financing For Responses To Refugee Crises

This report lays out a vision for new systems of financing to respond to the changing nature of global refugee crises.

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Anticipatory Crisis Financing And Action
Report

Anticipatory Crisis Financing And Action

This paper outlines the current state of anticipatory action and discusses some of the existing evidence on its impact.

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Insurance For Climate Adaptation: Opportunities And Limitations
Report

Insurance For Climate Adaptation: Opportunities And Limitations

This paper examines the role insurance can play as part of a wider strategy to help societies adapt to climate change and recover from disasters.

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Insurance For Inclusive And Sustainable Growth:
Report

Insurance For Inclusive And Sustainable Growth:

This synthesis report examines the role that insurance can play in supporting sustainable development and growth

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IDA’S Crisis Response (CRW): Learning Lessons To Drive Change
Brief

IDA’S Crisis Response (CRW): Learning Lessons To Drive Change

This paper and accompanying policy brief detail how the CRW has been used to date, and identifies a number of concrete ways of improving its performance.

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Ensuring Impact: The Role Of CSOs In Strengthening World Bank Disaster Risk Financing
Paper

Ensuring Impact: The Role Of CSOs In Strengthening World Bank Disaster Risk Financing

This paper argues that civil society organisations play a vital role in ensuring that crisis financing approaches are designed and delivered effectively.

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Managing The Financial Cost Of Disasters
Paper

Managing The Financial Cost Of Disasters

Lessons for IDA from the UK Government’s approach to explicit contingent liabilities.

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Beyond Banking: Crisis Risk Finance And Development Insurance In IDA19
Paper

Beyond Banking: Crisis Risk Finance And Development Insurance In IDA19

This paper charts the evolution of the World Bank’s approach to crisis risk financing.

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Financing Explicit Contingent Liabilities Through IDA
Paper

Financing Explicit Contingent Liabilities Through IDA

This paper proposes an innovative approach to financing contingent liabilities using IDA.

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Predict And Protect: G7 Solutions For A New Approach To Crisis Risk Financing
Report

Predict And Protect: G7 Solutions For A New Approach To Crisis Risk Financing

This paper sets out detailed and practical proposals for how the G7 could better protect vulnerable communities by better predicting and preparing for disasters.

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Browse Our Library

Assessing Value For Money In Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters: A Practical Framework
Crisis Protection 2.0: Future-Proofing Our World
Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Mozambique
Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Malawi
Emerging Lessons On Pre-Agreed Financing For Shock-Responsive Social Protection In Jamaica
Making Social Protection Shock-Responsive Through Disaster Risk Finance Mechanisms: Synthesis Report
Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Mali: Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic
Cost Multiples For Pre-Arranged Financing: A Comparison Of Instruments From International Financial Institutions
Demystifying Pre-Arranged Financing For Governments: A Stocktake Of Financial Instruments From International Financial Institutions
The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2024
Rethinking Premium Support: Enhancing The Impact And Sustainability Of Climate Risk Insurance
A Year In Review: Annual Report 2023-24
A Social Protection ‘Risk Deal’: The Missing Element For Connecting Money-In And Money-Out
The Gambia Disaster Risk Finance Diagnostic
Financing Adaptive Social Protection In Burkina Faso
The State Of Pre-Arranged Financing For Disasters 2023
Measuring The Crisis Protection Gap: A Summary Of Research Exploring Technical Approaches For Estimating Global Crisis Protection Costs
How Can Anticipatory Action Reach Scale And Sustainability? Learning From Cerf In Nepal